The Routledge Atlas Of South Asian Affairs

Title : The Routledge Atlas Of South Asian Affairs

 

ISBN : 9780415545136

Author : Robert W. Bradnock

Publisher : THE ROUTLEDGE

Year : 2016

Pages : 319

Language : English

file : pdf

The Routledge Atlas Of South Asian Affairs

South Asia has developed from a group of newly independent post-Colonial states of at most secondary importance to the wider world to its current position as a region of central strategic importance to both global economic development and world peace and stability.

This Atlas highlights the global significance of South Asia in relation to economic, geopolitical and strategic interests. It provides a coherent descriptive and analytical account of the key elements of the complex societies that make up the region and its component countries. Illustrated with more than 100 original maps and offering concise entries on key issues, the book is structured thematically in these sections:

Global Context

Geographical Environments

Historical Evolution of South Asia

Key Issues in modern South Asia

Economy and Security

Designed for use in teaching undergraduate and graduate classes and seminars in geography, history, economics, anthropology, international relations, political science and the environment as well as regional courses on the South Asia, this book is also a comprehensive reference source for libraries and decision makers focusing on South Asia.

The Routledge Atlas Of Jewish History

 

Title : THE ROUTLEDGE ATLAS OF BRITISH HISTORY (eight edition)

ISBN : 9780415558112

Author : Martin Gilbert

Publisher : THE ROUTLEDGE

Year : 2010

Pages : 162

Language : English

file : pdf

The Routledge Atlas Of Jewish History

'An unusual and compelling insight into Jewish history... sheer detail and breadth of scale' BBC History Magazine

This newly revised and updated edition of Martin Gilbert’s Atlas of Jewish History spans over four thousand years of history in 154 maps, presenting a vivid picture of a fascinating people and the trials and tribulations which have haunted their story.

The themes covered include:

• Prejudice and Violence- from the destruction of Jewish independence between 722 and 586 BC to the flight from German persecution in the 1930s. Also covers the incidence of anti-semitic attacks in the Americas and Europe.
• Migrations and Movements- from the entry into the promised land to Jewish migration in the twenty- first century, including new maps on recent emigration to Israel from Europe and worldwide.
• Society, Trade and Culture- from Jewish trade routes between 800 and 900 to the situation of world Jewry in the opening years of the twenty- first century.
• Politics, Government and War- from the Court Jews of the fifteenth century to the founding and growth of the modern State of Israel.

This new edition is also updated to include maps showing Jewish museums in the United States and Canada, and Europe, as well as American conservation efforts abroad. Other topics covered in this revised edition include Jewish educational outreach projects in various parts of the world, and Jews living under Muslim rule. Forty years on from its first publication, this book is still an indispensible guide to Jewish history.

THE ROUTLEDGE ATLAS OF BRITISH HISTORY

Title : THE ROUTLEDGE ATLAS OF BRITISH HISTORY

ISBN : 9780415608763

Author : Martin Gilbert

Publisher : THE ROUTLEDGE

Year : 2011

Pages : 212

Language : English

file : pdf

THE ROUTLEDGE ATLAS OF BRITISH HISTORY

The evolving story of the British Isles forms the central theme of this fascinating and compelling atlas, which covers England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales – and the expansion and gradual disintegration of Britain’s overseas empire. This new edition includes:

• Politics – from the Saxon kingdoms and the collapse of England’s French Empire to the Tudors and Stuarts, the English Civil War, the Restoration, Parliamentary Reform, the Commonwealth and Europe, the European Union and the Coalition Government formed in 2010

• War and conflict – from Viking attacks and the Norman Invasion to the Armada, two World Wars and the end of empire, the Falklands War, the Gulf War, British forces overseas, terror at home and the wars in Kosovo, Sierra Leone, Afghanistan and Iraq

• Trade and industry – from the post-Norman economy and Tudor trade to industrial unrest and the opening of international trade routes, imports and exports, arms sales and British humanitarian aid overseas

• Religion – from the Saxon Church to the Reformation and the multi-cultural Britain of modern times

• Society and economics – from civilian life in Roman Britain to the Industrial and Agricultural revolutions, the General Strike and the growth of universities, unemployment, homelessness, charitable activities and government expenditure

• Immigration – the growth of immigrant communities, the wide range of countries from which immigrants came, citizenship applications and citizenship granted.

Sir Martin Gilbert is Winston Churchill’s official biographer, and one of Britain’s leading historians, having written eighty-two books in total. He is an Honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, and a Distinguished Fellow of Hillsdale College, Michigan. He has also most recently served on the committee of the Iraq Inquiry set up by the British Government.

1001 INVENTIONS & AWESOME FROM MUSLIM Civilization - Teachers' guide

 Title : 1001 INVENTIONS & AWESOME FROM MUSLIM Civilization - Teachers' guide 

ISBN : -

Author : -

Publisher : National Geographic 

Year : 2013

Pages : 36

Language : English 

file : pdf

1001 INVENTIONS & AWESOME FROM MUSLIM Civilization - Teachers' guide

Packed with fascinating facts, 1001 Inventions & Awesome Facts from Muslim Civilization reveals ancient inventions, discoveries and ideas that have shaped how we live today. From familiar mind games to intriguing mosaic-patterned bowls and the elephant water clock, the book's colorful pages celebrate advances made by men and women who lived in countries that were part of Muslim civilization from the 7th to the 17th centuries. This title, along with an interactive exhibit, a book for adults, and rich online information, offers knowledge that demonstrates just how much today's world has been in uenced by the people of long ago. Each two-page themed spread is filled with facts that showcase the innovations by men and women of many faiths who lived during the Golden Age of Muslim civilization. Many of the facts lend themselves to further exploration through research projects, activities, web searches, and more. This guide provides questions, key website, and suggestions for such activities and creative programs. It also offers a wide range of approaches and options to utilize in the middle-school classroom. Whether the focus is science, social studies, or the arts, teachers can find ways to expand the curriculum with this book and this supplement. Each project is identified with the pages or subject in the book on which it is based, so students can work individually or in groups on several projects at the same time.

1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy Of Muslim Civilisation

1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy

 

Title : 1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy Of Muslim Civilisation | ISBN : 1-426-2093-47 | Author : Salim Al-Hassani | Publisher : National Geographic | Year : 2012 | ISBN-13 : 978-1-426-20934-5 | Pages : 361 (English) & 397 (Arabic) | Language : English & Arabic | file : pdf

1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy Of Muslim Civilisation

1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy of Muslim Civilization takes readers on a journey through years of forgotten Islamic history to discover one thousand fascinating scientific and technological inventions still being used throughout the world today. Take a look at all of the discoveries that led to the great technological advances of our time; engineering, early medicinal practices, and the origins of cartography are just a few of the areas explored in this book.

1001 Inventions provides unique insight into a significant time period in Muslim history that has been looked over by much of the world. A time where discoveries were made and inventions were created that have impacted how Western civilization and the rest of the world lives today. The book will cover seven aspects of life relatable to everyone, including home, school, hospital, market, town, world and universe.

The book’s seven chapters are richly illustrated and provide insight into the everyday life of early Muslim civilisation and the related and subsequent growth and progress of Western civilisation. There is also an extensive reference section, a glossary of subjects and people, charts, timelines and maps illustrating the inventions and contributions, remarkable photographs, artifacts, historic documents and drawings.

Philip's Atlas Of World History (Concise Edition, 2007)

Philip's Atlas Of World History

Title: Philip's Atlas Of World History (Concise Edition, 2007) | ISBN : 0-540-8867-6 | General Editor: Patrick K. O’Brien | Publisher: Philip's an imprint of Octopus Publishing Group | Year: 1st edition (May 1, 2002) | ISBN-13 : 978-0-540-08867-6 | Pages: 312 | Language : English | file: pdf

Philip's Atlas Of World History (Concise Edition, 2007)

Philip's Atlas of World History presents the entire story of civilization, from man's earliest beginnings to the latest political developments of the twentieth century.

It is specially designed to help the reader visualize the great historical themes and turning points of the past by combining more than 400 color maps, which graphically depict the scope of these events, with over 200,000 words of text to explain key historical themes and contexts.

It also contains a 20-page gazetteer of historical places, biographies of important figures, and a 22-page time chart.

Ideal for home, secondary school and college use. This atlas gives a fascinating, accessible and truly global, picture of events and their impact on the world we live in today

Having already written a lushly illustrated overview of the beliefs and practices of the world's religions (World Religions, also from DK), Bowker turns his attention to God and produces a book chock-full of facts, stories, legends and illustrations about the ways that religious traditions have developed their beliefs in God. Bowker first examines the ideas of Nietzsche, Feuerbach, Freud and others to demonstrate that all individuals and societies grapple with the meaning of God. In roughly chronological order, Bowker surveys the history of belief in God in animistic religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese religions, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. He explores various aspects of this belief, such as the meaning of dharma, the concept of wisdom and the nature of pilgrimage. Yet Bowker's book contains numerous problems. First, he never explains what he means by God. Is God the same as the Sacred or the Divine? Without a clearer explanation, many of the religions that he examines—Buddhism, for example—cannot be said to have a God. Second, does God indeed have a history? That implies that God would have had a beginning and will have an end, which runs counter to the notion that God is eternal and ahistorical. Third, because he does not provide a clear definition of God, Bowker levels the differences among the world's religions so that it appears that the God of Judaism is the same as the God of Hinduism. At best, Bowker provides a superficial overview of the history of belief in God for the "religion lite" crowd.

God: A Brief History by John Bowker DK

God: A Brief History: Bowker, John

 

Title: God: A Brief History | ISBN : 978-0-7894-8050-7 | Author: John Bowker | Publisher: Dorling Kindersley, DK Publishing Inc. | Year: 1st edition (May 1, 2002) | ISBN-13 : 978-0789480507 | Pages: 404 | Language : English | file: pdf

God: A Brief History by John Bowker

Not just in words, but in art, dance, music and silence -- this book is the perfect overview for viewing divinity from every perspective. The history of God cannot possibly be told. How can you write the history of One who is outside time and space, and who has no beginning and no end? Nevertheless, the desire to understand and experience the divine is a fundamental human need. For billions of people, through many millennia, the quest to answer the basic questions of existence -- Why are we born? What will happen to us when we die? and how should we live out lives? -- has become a search for God. A Brief History of God explores the myriad ways in which humans have sought connection to the divine from the dawn of history to the present -- not just through religion and philosophy, but in art and literature, in music and dance, and in science.

Having already written a lushly illustrated overview of the beliefs and practices of the world's religions (World Religions, also from DK), Bowker turns his attention to God and produces a book chock-full of facts, stories, legends and illustrations about the ways that religious traditions have developed their beliefs in God. Bowker first examines the ideas of Nietzsche, Feuerbach, Freud and others to demonstrate that all individuals and societies grapple with the meaning of God. In roughly chronological order, Bowker surveys the history of belief in God in animistic religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese religions, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. He explores various aspects of this belief, such as the meaning of dharma, the concept of wisdom and the nature of pilgrimage. Yet Bowker's book contains numerous problems. First, he never explains what he means by God. Is God the same as the Sacred or the Divine? Without a clearer explanation, many of the religions that he examines—Buddhism, for example—cannot be said to have a God. Second, does God indeed have a history? That implies that God would have had a beginning and will have an end, which runs counter to the notion that God is eternal and ahistorical. Third, because he does not provide a clear definition of God, Bowker levels the differences among the world's religions so that it appears that the God of Judaism is the same as the God of Hinduism. At best, Bowker provides a superficial overview of the history of belief in God for the "religion lite" crowd.

SEJARAH TUHAN: KISAH PENCARIAN TUHAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH ORANG-ORANG YAHUDI, KRISTEN, DAN ISLAM SELAMA 4.000 TAHUN (PDF halaman lengkap FULL)

SEJARAH TUHAN by Karen Armstrong

 

Title: SEJARAH TUHAN: KISAH PENCARIAN TUHAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH ORANG-ORANG YAHUDI, KRISTEN, DAN ISLAM SELAMA 4.000 TAHUN | ISBN : 979-433-270-4 | Author: Karen Armstrong | Publisher: Penerbit Mizan, Bandung | Year: April 2001 | Translator : Zaimul Am | Editor : Yuliani Liputo | Pages: 693 | Language : Indonesia | file: pdf

SEJARAH TUHAN: KISAH PENCARIAN TUHAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH ORANG-ORANG YAHUDI, KRISTEN, DAN ISLAM SELAMA 4.000 TAHUN

"Sangat enak dibaca dan harus dibaca ... Karen Armstrong telah banyak membaca dan tidak melewatkan satu pun. Dia menyajikan pandangan paling solid tentang Tuhan yang dapat diuraikan dalam sebuah buku."

—Anthony Burgess, The Observer

 

"Dia menyegarkan pemahaman tentang apa yang sudah kita ketahui dan memberikan pengenalan yang jelas tentang yang tak kita ketahui ... 'Kerinduan,' kata Agustinus, 'membuat hati menjadi dalam.' Itulah tema yang mengalir di sepanjang buku yang lugas ini, beserta sebersit harapan yang mengakhirinya."

—Robert Runcie, Mantan Uskup Agung Canterbury

 

"Buku yang sangat menantang secara intelektual. Cara yang memesona dalam mendekati subjeknya."

—Rabi Julia Neuberger

 

"Brilian dan autoritatif ... Survei yang luar biasa, sejarah agama yang[sangat] kaleidoskopis ... menyeluruh, cerdas, dan sangat enak dibaca."

—Kirkus Reviews

 

"Selain banyak menyajikan sejarah agama, [Armstrong] jugamendiskusikan berbagai filosof, mistikus, dan pembaru yang terkaitdengan agama-agama itu ... Buku yang sangat bagus dan informatif."

—Library Journal

 

"Sejarah komparatif yang hebat dan menyeluruh ... tanpa takut-takut menyoroti landasan sosiopolitik bagi mengakar, berkembang, dan berubahnya agama-agama."

—Publishers Weekly

A History Of God The 4000 Year Quest Of Judaism Christianity And Islam

A History Of God The 4000 Year Quest Of Judaism Christianity And Islam

 

Title: A History Of God The 4000 Year Quest Of Judaism Christianity And Islam | ISBN : 9780345384560 | Author: Karen Armstrong | Publisher: Ballantine Books  | Year: 1994 | Pages: 219 | Language : English | file: pdf

A History Of God The 4000 Year Quest Of Judaism Christianity And Islam

About A History of God

Why does God exist? How have the three dominant monotheistic religions—Judaism, Christianity, and Islam—shaped and altered the conception of God? How have these religions influenced each other? In this stunningly intelligent book, Karen Armstrong, one of Britain’s foremost commentators on religious affairs, traces the history of how men and women have perceived and experienced God, from the time of Abraham to the present. 

The epic story begins with the Jews’ gradual transformation of pagan idol worship in Babylon into true monotheism—a concept previously unknown in the world. Christianity and Islam both rose on the foundation of this revolutionary idea, but these religions refashioned ‘the One God’ to suit the social and political needs of their followers. From classical philosophy and medieval mysticism to the Reformation, Karen Armstrong performs the near miracle of distilling the intellectual history of monotheism into one superbly readable volume, destined to take its place as a classic.

Praise for History of God

“An admirable and impressive work of synthesis that will give insight and satisfaction to thousands of lay readers.”—The Washington Post Book World

“A brilliantly lucid, spendidly readable book. [Karen] Armstrong has a dazzling ability: she can take a long and complex subject and reduce it to the fundamentals, without oversimplifying.”—The Sunday Times (London)

“Absorbing . . . A lode of learning.”—Time

The Spiral Staircase My Climb Out of Darkness by Karen Armstrong

The Spiral Staircase My Climb Out of Darkness by Karen Armstrong

Title: The Spiral Staircase My Climb Out of Darkness by Karen Armstrong | ISBN : 9780385721271 | eISBN : 978-0-307-42939-1 | Author: Karen Armstrong | Publisher: Anchor Books a Division of Random House, Inc. | Year: Februari 22, 2005| Pages: 259 | file: pdf , epub & mobi
The Spiral Staircase My Climb Out of Darkness by Karen Armstrong

About this book

A memoir recommended for those facing disappointments and making major changes in their lives.

Karen Armstrong is the author of many books including A History of God, The Battle for God, Islam and Visions of God. She is also the author of three television documentaries. Since September 11, 2001, Armstrong has been a frequent contributor to conferences, panels, newspapers, periodicals, and media outlets on both sides of the Atlantic on the subject of Islam. She lives in London.

In this intriguing spiritual autobiography, Armstrong picks up where her 1982 memoir Through the Narrow Gate left off, with the culture shock that accompanied her departure after seven years from the Catholic convent she had joined when she was an ardent, idealistic, and immature seventeen year old. Although already enrolled at Oxford University, the author is unprepared for the feeling of living in a twilight zone. Armstrong isolates herself from others and sees a psychiatrist for three years during which she is hospitalized, given drugs, and attends therapy sessions. It is only later that she discovers that her physical and mental ailments stem from epilepsy. But the biggest shock of all comes when the examiner for Oxford rejects her doctoral thesis and she is forced to take a job teaching at a private girl's school in London.

Throughout all these changes, Armstrong laments her inability to pray and her lack of a genuine sense of God's presence in her life. But like the poet T .S. Eliot in Ash Wednesday (the poem that opens this book), she persists and eventually comes to see that her spiritual recovery is taking place at its own pace and in its own sweet ways.

Armstrong regains her poise while doing research for a television documentary on St. Paul. This spurs her interest in both Judaism and Islam. For those religions, right practice is more important than right belief. While writing Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet, Armstrong comes to respect his struggle with doubt, grief, and despair. She concludes that "religion is born out of desperation, horror, and vulnerability as well as from moments of sublime thought."

Armstrong also develops a sense of compassion for her own questing. Fred Burnham, director of the Trinity Institute at Trinity Church Wall Street, tells her: "You always claim that you never had a religious experience. But I disagree. I think you are constantly living in the dimension of the sacred. You are absorbed in holiness all the time!" And so Armstrong is today still spending her days thinking and talking about God, religion, and spirituality.

Twelve Steps to a Compassionate Life by Karen Armstrong

Twelve Steps to a Compassionate Life by Karen Armstrong

 

Title: Twelve Steps to a Compassionate Life | eISBN : 978-0-307-59563-8 | Author: Karen Armstrong | Publisher: Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc. | Year: 2010 | Pages: 150 | Language : English | file: pdf, epub & mobi

A Word from Karen Armstrong

The work of the Charter for Compassion and this book is born from Karen Armstrong’s commitment to provide practical and actionable ideas that can indeed transform our world. Armstrong offers these words of advice to reading groups:
 
I suggest that at the end of each session, each person resolves to introduce one regular practice into his or her life. This resolution should, for example, be “realistic.” It has to be something that you can feasibly include in your daily routine; it should be challenging, but not so demanding that you give it up after a few days; it is no good saying, for example, “I am never going to say another unkind word to anybody in my life ever again,” because this just isn’t going to happen. It should be something really concrete: “I am going to go out of my way to perform one act of kindness each day to somebody (make a list of candidates!) who really annoys me.”
 
The resolution should also be practical. It shouldn’t be something vague, such as “I am going to open my heart to the whole world.” That is meaningless unless it becomes a concrete reality in your life.
 
Be creative and inventive; there is no need to stick slavishly to these suggestions: think of ways in which your actions can become a dynamic and positive force for change, not just within yourself but in the world around you. Make each resolution a regular part of your life, and by the end of the course you will have twelve new habits that should be effecting a transformation within yourself and your immediate environment.

One of the most original thinkers on the role of religion in the modern world—author of such acclaimed books as A History of God, Islam, and Buddha—now gives us an impassioned and practical book that can help us make the world a more compassionate place.

Karen Armstrong believes that while compassion is intrinsic in all human beings, each of us needs to work diligently to cultivate and expand our capacity for compassion. Here, in this straightforward, thoughtful, and thought-provoking book, she sets out a program that can lead us toward a more compassionate life.

The twelve steps Armstrong suggests begin with “Learn About Compassion” and close with “Love Your Enemies.” In between, she takes up “compassion for yourself,” mindfulness, suffering, sympathetic joy, the limits of our knowledge of others, and “concern for everybody.” She suggests concrete ways of enhancing our compassion and putting it into action in our everyday lives, and provides, as well, a reading list to encourage us to “hear one another’s narratives.” Throughout, Armstrong makes clear that a compassionate life is not a matter of only heart or mind but a deliberate and often life-altering commingling of the two.

Islam A Short History by Karen Armstrong

Islam A Short History by Karen Armstrong

 

Title: Islam A Short History | ISBN: 0-8129-6618-X | Author: Karen Armstrong | Publisher: Modern Library Paperback Edition New York | Year: 2000, 2002 | Pages: 274 | Language : English | file: pdf & epub

Islam A Short History

Readers seeking a quick but thoughtful introduction to Islam will want to peruse Armstrong's latest offering. In her hallmark stylish and accessible prose, the author of A History of God takes readers from the sixth-century days of the Prophet Muhammad to the present. Armstrong writes about the revelations Muhammad received, and explains that the Qur'an earned its name (which means recitation) because most of Muhammad's followers were illiterate and learned his teachings not from reading them but hearing them proclaimed aloud. Throughout the book, Armstrong traces what she sees as Islam's emphasis on right living (? la
 Judaism) over right belief (? la Christianity). Armstrong is at her
most passionate when discussing Islam in the modern world. She explains antagonisms between Iraqi Muslims and Syrian Muslims, and discusses the devastating consequences of modernization on the Islamic world. Unlike Europe, which modernized gradually over centuries, the Islamic world had modernity thrust upon it in an exploitative manner. The Islamic countries, Armstrong argues, have been "reduced to a dependent bloc by the European powers." Armstrong also rehearses some basics about Islamic fundamentalism in a section that will be familiar to anyone who has
read her recent study, The Battle for God. A useful time line and a
guide to the "Key Figures in the History of Islam" complete this strong, brisk survey of 1,500 years of Islamic history. 

PREFACE

The external history of a religious tradition often seems divorced from the raison d'etre of faith. The spiritual quest is an interior journey; it is a psychic rather than a political drama. It is preoccupied with liturgy, doctrine, contemplative disciplines and an exploration of the heart, not with the clash of current events. Religions certainly have a life outside the soul.

Their leaders have to contend with the state and affairs of the world, and often relish doing so. They fight with members of other faiths, who seem to challenge their claim to a monopoly of absolute truth; they also persecute their co-religionists for interpreting a tradition differently or for holding heterodox beliefs. Very often priests, rabbis, imams and shamans are just as consumed by worldly ambition as regular politicians. But all this is generally seen as an abuse of a sacred ideal. These power struggles are not what religion is really about, but an unworthy distraction from the life of the spirit, which is conducted far from the madding crowd, unseen, silent and unobtrusive. Indeed, in many faiths, monks and mystics lock themselves away from the world, since the clamour and strife of history is regarded as incompatible with a truly religious life.

Islam in the Bible by Thomas McElwain

Islam in the Bible by Thomas McElwain

 

Title: ISLAM IN THE BIBLE | ISBN: - | Author: Thomas McElwain | language : English | Publisher: Adams & McElwain Publishers | Year: 1998 | Pages: 186 | file: pdf

Islam in the Bible

INTRODUCTION

Not only Judaism in its several varieties, but hundreds of different sects of Christianity all maintain that their beliefs and practices are based on the Bible. If so many different religions can be justified by the Bible, why not Islam?

Most of Christianity recognizes the authority of the Bible, containing the Hebrew and Greek writings. There is some discussion of what writings to include and to what degree they are authoritative, but in principle Christians recognize the Bible. All forms of Judaism recognize the Torah and the other writings of the Tanach, which makes up the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. Islam appeals primarily to the Holy Qur'an, but in principle accepts the Bible. In practice, Muslims reject the Bible on the assump­tion that it is corrupted from the original in order to make it accommodate to Christian teaching.

The problem arises when we compare the beliefs and practices of any particular religious group with the book it appeals to. Inevitably there is much selectivity and interpre­tation, but beyond this remains the bare fact that the book is never the sole source of belief and practice. Where would the Christian year of festivals, the liturgy and a multitude of beliefs and practices be if all had to be founded on the Bible? Many of them would sadly fall by the wayside.

The decoupling of books from actual belief and practice first struck me a few years ago when I noticed how the books relate to the day of worship. The Hebrew Scriptures obviously maintain the observance of the Sabbath or seventh day of the week. Jewish tradition quite consistently puts this in practice. The observance of Sunday is characteristic of Christianity. But there is very little justification for this in the Greek Scriptures, the so-called New Testament.

On the contrary, the Sabbath is men­tioned very often, sometimes quite favorably. I looked in the Qur'an to see how it dealt with the issue, and found that the Sabbath is maintained on a half-dozen occasions in the Qur'an as well. Friday prayer is also well established in the Qur'an, unlike Sunday in the New Testament, which can only be defended by doing violence to the text. But there is no Qur'anic justification for observing Friday as a special day from Thursday evening, as many Muslims do. We thus find the Sabbath to be a feature common to all of the sacred books. By contrast, the traditions vary on how they relate to the Sabbath, Judaism observing Saturday, Christianity Sunday, and Islam Friday.

Salah Ad-Deen Al-Ayubi (3 Volumes)

salah-ad-deen-al-ayubi-3-volumes |  Dr. Ali M. Sallabi

 

SALAH AD DEEN AL AYUBI

Title: Salah ad Deen Al Ayubi |  Author : Prof. Dr. Ali Muhammad Sallabi  |  Language : English  | Publisher: International Islamic Publishing House  |  Translator : Nasiruddin al-Khattab  | Year: 2009  | Pages: Vol. 1 (277), Vol. 2 (471), Vol. 3 (261) | file: pdf

Salah ad Deen Al Ayubi

Description

As a soldier, a ruler, and a human being, Sultan Salahuddin Ayubi was a person of phenomenal attributes. The hero of hundreds of battles was the person who for 20 years braved the storm of the Crusaders and ultimately pushed them back. The world has hardly witnessed a more chivalrous and humane conqueror. His unmatchable battle tactics and gallantry as a soldier, heroic statesmanship and his strength of character won him the respect of even his foes. known for liberating the holy city of Jerusalem from the Crusaders.

The renowned contemporary Arab historian of Islam, Dr. Ali M. Sallabi has written a fascinating biography of a man who looms larger than life throughout history, yet who remains largely unknown to people outside of the Arab world.

Dr. Sallabi’s meticulous research has effectively filled that gap in our knowledge. His work is more than just a biography, as the readers will see. 

 

     As history repeat itself? A saying of 'Umar, the first liberator of Jerusalem, suggests that it does. He said that the latter generations of this Ummah would not prevail except by means of that by which its first generations prevailed.

 

    If we try to prevail by any means other than Islam, Allah will cause us to suffer only more humility and defeat. The Companions and the early generations of Islam prevailed by means of Islam. At a time of decline, Salah ad-Deen understood that this was the way to restore the glory of this nation.

    In this book, Dr. Sallabi discusses the conflict of civilizations between the Crusaders and Islam. He discusses the Crusades; the moral standards, ethics and character of Salah ad-Deen, and his support of the revival movement that was aimed to bringing Muslims back to the true path of Islam by establishing many schools; and how he held the scholars in high esteem and included them in his inner circle. He devotes an entire chapter to the battle of Hatteen and the liberation of Jerusalem, and the causes of victory in that decisive battle.
 

    He goes on to discuss the Third Crusade and the reaction of Western Europe to the liberation of Jerusalem and the general mobilization that took place in Christendom. Finally, he describes the death of Salah ad-Deen, how the people were affected by it and how even European historians praised his justice, strength and tolerance, and regarded him as the greatest character of the Crusade era. His life still inspires the Muslims with his heroic character and exploits which will bring back to life the glories of the past.

    It is important for anyone who wants to gain an historical perspective on present-day events to read this book and understand the life and times of Salah ad-Deen.

 

Volume 1 : CRUSADES PRIOR TO THE RISE OF THE AYUBID STATE

Volume 2 : THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE AYUBID STATE

Volume 3 : THE BATTLE OF HATTIN, THE CONQUEST OF JERUSALEM AND THE THIRD CRUSADE